In People's Daily life, the ubiquitous HuoHuan according to statistics, China's average annual fire about everything, about people deaths, the direct and indirect losses caused by fire about one hundred million yuan, and the upward trend in the consciousness of fire prevention should be through in all aspects of the work life, should also become a kind of flame retardant materials in urgent need of popularization of "help" in the popular attention of chengdu bus combustion and CCTV new building fires events, if used in main facilities of the accident effective flame retardant material, can win time for fire control, reduce casualties and property losses.

According to the investigation of the cause of the fire, most of the fires are caused by textile material, such as vehicles, ships, aircraft and other transportation of upholstery fabric, the adornment of the bedroom and bedding, clothing, etc., which is closely related to people everyday life of the textile material if certain flame retardant processing, so the tragedy of the fire could reduce many, therefore, flame retardant problem of textile material, and its combustion performance test was received high attention from all over the world.

In the field of the police, for the first line of the high-risk mission firefighters, police and the police, the police equipment of the flame retardant performance is more important, such as fire suit, bullet-proof protective clothing, explosion-proof, flame retardant gloves, equipment package, utility belt and so on, these clothes can effectively resist all kinds of fire, to ensure the safety of the civilian police mission.

Flame retardant treatment of textile materials

Most textile material is flammable, but after fire retarding treatment will reduce the combustion rate in different degrees, can reduce the degree of damage, or after leaving the fire quickly stop burning, flame retardant, therefore, is a relative concept of textile material combustibility can be measured from several aspects: first is the ignition temperature of high and low, it is used to measure the material burns easily;The second is the burning time, which is used to measure how fast the material burns.The third is the characteristic of combustion, which is used to measure the specific form of material combustion: carbonization or melting with droplet;Finally, the destructiveness of combustion, which is used to measure the destructiveness of the material itself and the harmfulness to human body, resulting in human burns, scalds and the harm of toxic smoke and dust. The flame-retardant treatment of textile materials is a series of solutions targeted at the above-mentioned inflammability.

(1) flame retardant treatment of textile materials

The core idea of flame retardant treatment of textile materials is to change inflammability into flame retardant: improve the ignition point of materials, reduce the speed of combustion, slow down the harm of combustion to human body, and make the materials stop burning quickly after leaving the fire source.

Fiber flame retardant

Textile fiber flame retardant refers to the former, for some flammable fiber materials, such as polyester, polyamide, la black silk ribbon to join some kind of flame retardant, inhibit its combustion such as some flame retardants will be released in the combustion of inert gas to cover on the fiber surface, the isolation to inhibit the action of the combustion air is some methods by changing the thermal stability of the fiber material to achieve flame retardant;There is also a lot of fiber in the high temperature air oxidation furnace for a period of time, so that the large molecules of fiber heated carbonization, become a flame retardant fiber.

Flame retardant fabric

Flame retardant fabric is after the fiber woven into the fabric, the fabric flame retardant processing, common methods have coating method and solvent method and so on in coating method, for example, this method is the flame retardants is like film is coated on the surface fabric flame retardant layer forms (usually mixed with resin in the fire retardant, adhere to rely on resin to make flame retardant fixation on the fabric), flame retardant layer can heat insulation, lie between oxygen, prevent flammable gas to escape, flame retardant effect.

(2) flame retardant wattle

Flame retardant is the basis of flame retardant treatment, it is a kind of special chemical auxiliary flame retardant used to improve the combustion performance of materials can be divided into three kinds of inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant and organic and inorganic mixed flame retardant is currently the most used category, the total demand of flame retardant market accounted for more than half.

Whether using inorganic or organic flame retardant, in improving the flame retardant performance of textile materials, but also brought some problems, the main performance is: (1) fire will produce toxic smoke and corrosive substances, pollution of the environment;() the existence of these problems, which affect other physical and chemical properties of materials, largely limits the use range of flame retardant materials.

The study found that the main cause of the problem is the "halogen halogen flame retardants (halogen) has been an important additive flame retardant, mainly including fluorine (Fluo fine) and chloride (Chlo fine), yunnan (Bromine), the tian (Iodine) and broken (Astatine) five elements although they have very good flame retardancy, but also has a lot of harm to human body, especially for the body's immune system, endocrine system, reproductive system, and so on toxic, even can cause cancer.

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and health, countries around the world have started to regard halogen-free, low-smoke and low-toxicity flame retardants as the focus of research, development and application.

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