At present, the test and evaluation standards of hygroscopicity and quick-drying performance in China mainly include: GB/T 21655.1-2008 "Evaluation of hygroscopicity and quick-drying performance of Textiles part 1: One-way combined test method" and GB/T 21655.2-2009 "Evaluation of hygroscopicity and quick-drying performance of Textiles Part 2: Dynamic moisture transfer method".  GB/T 21655.1-2008 standard is based on the fabric of water absorption rate, dripping diffusion time and core suction height characterization of the adsorption capacity of liquid sweat;  The moisture evaporation rate and moisture permeability of the fabric under specified air condition were used to indicate the quick drying property of the fabric under liquid sweat condition.  Specific parameters are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1 Evaluation of hygroscopicity and quick drying of knitted products in single combination test

Table 2 Evaluation of moisture absorption and rapid drying of woven products in single combination test

Main test items and methods for hygroscopic and quick-drying textiles

Water absorption rate

The percentage of water absorbed by the sample to the original mass of the sample when the sample is completely soaked in water and removed without dripping.  Drip diffusion time

The time required by placing water droplets on the sample from contact with the sample to its complete diffusion and infiltration into the fabric (i.e. no specular reflection) is the dripping diffusion time. The main standards of water drop testing are GB/T 21655.1-2008, AATCC 79 and JIS L1907-2010, etc.

Evaporation rate, specific rate

When a certain amount of water droplets are placed on the sample and suspended in the standard atmosphere for natural evaporation, the evaporation mass per unit time is in the linear range of the time evaporation curve.

Core suction test Wicking

Core suction effect is capillary effect, which is the process of water rising along the textile material through capillary action.  Core suction height is a measure of capillary effect of sample material, that is, when one end of vertically suspended textile material is soaked by water, water rises along the textile material through capillary action in a certain period of time.  The main standards of core suction test are JIS 19077.1.2 and FZ/T 01071.

Moisture permeability test

Moisture permeability test has two kinds of hygroscopicity and evaporation.  The so-called hygroscopic method refers to placing the hygroscopic cup filled with desiccant and sealed with the sample in a sealed environment with specified temperature and humidity and a certain wind speed, and calculating the moisture permeability of the sample according to the changes in the quality of the hygroscopic cup in a specific time.  The so-called evaporation method refers to placing the moisture permeable cup filled with distilled water at a specified temperature and sealed with the sample in a sealed environment with specified temperature and humidity and wind speed, and calculating the moisture permeability per unit time and per unit area of the sample according to the changes in the quality of the moisture permeable cup within a certain period of time, namely, the moisture permeability rate. The main standards for moisture permeability testing are ASTM E96, JISL1099 and GB/T12704, etc.

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